{"id":10342,"date":"2020-05-11T14:19:44","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T18:19:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tabac-alcool-drogues-2020\/"},"modified":"2020-07-10T13:40:04","modified_gmt":"2020-07-10T17:40:04","slug":"tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs\/","title":{"rendered":"Tobacco, alcohol and drugs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Published May 11, 2020<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>This article is part of our \u201cDeterminants and the pandemic\u201d series, which examines certain determinants of school perseverance in light of the current crisis and its attendant measures.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"#determinant2\">Determinant<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"#impacts2\">Impacts of the health crisis and concerns<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"#ressources2\">Resources<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"#references\">References<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"determinant2\"><\/a><b>WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE USE OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUGS?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to certain studies, the use of psychoactive substances can affect adolescents\u2019 motivation and performance and contribute to their dropping out.<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[1]<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u00e9bec Health Survey of High School Students<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> indicates a high rate of consumption of such substances among Montreal youth:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cigarettes: 8%<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[2]<\/span><\/sup><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alcohol: 47%<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis: 19%<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[3]<\/span><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A recent study by the Institut de la statistique du Qu\u00e9bec (ISQ) highlighted a list of individual, family, and social factors associated with the introduction of grade 6 elementary students to tobacco, alcohol, and drugs. Among such factors, the two most important are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Living in an underprivileged environment. This comes with a significant risk of early exposure to tobacco, alcohol, and the consumption of psychoactive substances.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The transition from elementary to high school. This crucial stage is characterized by a rather significant increase in the number of young people who try smoking, alcohol, and drugs.<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[4]<\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> For instance, the percentage of students who have consumed alcohol in the past 12 months rises from 17% in secondary 1 to 75% in secondary 5<sup>[5]<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Consequences on educational success<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also according to the ISQ, early introduction to such substances, and especially substance abuse, can have a range of consequences, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A weaker attachment to school<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poorer grades in mathematics and in English\/French (depending on language of instruction)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lower educational goals<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/factsheet5_tobacco_alcohol_drugs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">More about the determinant \u201cTobacco, alcohol and drugs\u201d<\/a>]<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong><a id=\"impacts2\"><\/a><b>WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE HEALTH CRISIS ON THE USE OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUGS?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further studies are needed to answer this question; however, a L\u00e9ger survey of Qu\u00e9bec adults found that one in five respondents (18%) said they had consumed somewhat or much more alcohol since the confinement began.<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[6]<\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The survey also found that 29% of Quebecers have consumed more cannabis since the start of the crisis.<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[7]<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction also found that \u201c[t]he conditions around COVID-19 may lead people to increase alcohol and cannabis use\u2026\u201d These conditions include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feeling more stress and anxiety from the pandemic and economic downturn\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blurring of families\u2019 daily and weekly routines because of the closing of non-essential workplaces<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feelings of social isolation and loneliness due to physical distancing<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More alcohol and cannabis in the home from stockpiling<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[8]<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<h4><b>THESE STUDIES PRESENT DATA ON ADULTS, BUT SHOULD WE ALSO EXPECT HIGHER CONSUMPTION AMONG YOUTH AND YOUNG ADULTS?<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reports from a number of community organizations have led to a consideration of various potential impacts of the crisis, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Initiation to these substances and the risk of substance abuse<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We know that some young people begin using psychoactive substances out of boredom, so the confinement and subsequent reduction in the diversity and availability of leisure activities is clearly cause for concern.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[9]<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Could boredom influence some young people\u2019s habits and potentially lead to substance abuse?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Product unavailability<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sources of tobacco, vaping products, alcohol, and drugs have changed during the confinement period, especially for young people who were already procuring these products illegally. What types of products might young people be tempted to use at home, and how do they get them?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Difficulty connecting young people with support services<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When young people attend school, various stakeholders can detect students who need help and intervene quickly when necessary. However, during the confinement period, youth with substance abuse problems are much harder to identify and assist. It is also harder to connect them with support resources while maintaining confidentiality.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Risk of overdosing after taking a break<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because people can develop a tolerance for substances they consume regularly, they can be at greater risk of an overdose after an unwanted withdrawal period. So substance users may try to consume the same amount as before the confinement, but their body\u2019s tolerance to the substance will have diminished.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[10]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Weaker influence of protective factors<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is hard to predict the effects of social networks and the family environment on substance use in this particular situation. Has screen time increased, and how might greater screen time affect youth behaviour, including substance use habits? Are youth being exposed to different role models? Are they getting less exposure to positive role models they would normally encounter at school, in community organizations, or their friends, and how might this affect them?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Might there be positive impacts?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Could the current situation have positive impacts for some young people? Given that the confinement could bring families closer together, promote parental dialogue and support, and reduce access to certain substances for many young people, might we observe a reduction in initiation to such substances or in their use among those who were only in an experimental phase?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only studies on this subject after the crisis will elucidate its positive and negative effects on substance use.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><a id=\"ressources2\"><\/a>RESOURCES<\/h5>\n<p><b>If you need help, there are resources at your disposal.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.telaide.org\/en\/ressources-2\/1358-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tel-Aide<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ciusss-centresudmtl.gouv.qc.ca\/propos\/anglais\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Centre int\u00e9gr\u00e9 universitaire de sant\u00e9 et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(514-385-1232)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.211qc.ca\/en\/mental-health-and-addictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">211 Grand Montr\u00e9al<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(211)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.projetcumulus.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Projet Cumulus<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(<\/span><a href=\"mailto:info@projetcumulus.ca\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">info@projetcumulus.ca<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maisonjeanlapointe.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">La Maison Jean Lapointe<\/a>\u00a0(1-800-567-9543)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>More food for thought<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/Impacts-COVID-19-Substance-Use?_cldee=Y29tbXVuaWNhdGlvbkBhcWNpZC5jb20%3D&amp;recipientid=contact-3da7856ecac9e911a811000d3af42f4a-c74c97eddef34ceaa2883a057568f90e&amp;esid=b1d9b981-b479-ea11-a811-000d3af4a4ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction: Impacts of COVID-19 on Substance Abuse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"color: #5dae46;\"><em>Our thanks to Marie-Claude Sauv\u00e9, director of Cumulus, for her assistance with finding sources of data on the determinant \u201cTobacco, alcohol and drugs.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #5dae46;\"><em>Thank you also to Isabelle Archambault, associate professor at Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al; Canada Research Chair on School, Child Well-Being, and Educational Success; and co-holder of the Myriagone \u2013 McConnell-Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al Research Chair in Knowledge Mobilization Among Youth for her assistance in reviewing the article on the determinant \u201cTobacco, alcohol and drugs.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/icone-crayon.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-509\" src=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/icone-crayon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"54\" height=\"53\" \/><\/a><strong>Stay informed about new content added to our Determinants and the Pandemic series. -&gt; <\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/email-lists\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sign up for our newsletter<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h6><a id=\"references\"><\/a>R\u00c9F\u00c9RENCES<\/h6>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[1] Gagnon, H. and L. Rochefort (2010), L\u2019usage de substances psychoactives chez les jeunes Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois: cons\u00e9quences et facteurs associ\u00e9s, Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec, no. 1102, 43 pp.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[2]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/emis.santemontreal.qc.ca\/fileadmin\/emis\/Sant%C3%A9_des_Montr%C3%A9alais\/Axes_d_intervention\/Jeunes\/eqsjs\/EQSJS-Tabac-Fascicule-201403.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Agence de la sant\u00e9 et des services sociaux de Montr\u00e9al. (2014).\u00a0L\u2019usage de la cigarette chez les jeunes du secondaire \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al. 7.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[3]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/santemontreal.qc.ca\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/Uploads\/tx_asssmpublications\/pdf\/publications\/9782550817116.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al. (2018).\u00a0Consommation d\u2019alcool et de drogues chez les \u00e9l\u00e8ves du secondaire \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al: Quelques donn\u00e9es.\u00a014.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[4]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/Fiche5_Tabac-alcool-drogues.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">R\u00e9unir R\u00e9ussir,\u00a0Taking Effective Action on the Determinants of School Perseverance and Educational Success, Fact sheet 5: Tobacco, alcohol and drugs, 2013<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[5]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/santemontreal.qc.ca\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/Uploads\/tx_asssmpublications\/pdf\/publications\/9782550817116.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al. (2018).\u00a0Consommation d\u2019alcool et de drogues chez les \u00e9l\u00e8ves du secondaire \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al: Quelques donn\u00e9es.\u00a03.\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[6]\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aspq.org\/fr\/salle-de-presse\/communiques-et-publications\/185\/un-sondage-confirme-que-la-pandemie-modifie-les-habitudes-de-vie-et-la-consommation-d-alcool-et-de-cannabis-des-quebecois\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">L\u00e9ger survey sponsored by the Association pour la sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[7]\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aspq.org\/fr\/salle-de-presse\/communiques-et-publications\/185\/un-sondage-confirme-que-la-pandemie-modifie-les-habitudes-de-vie-et-la-consommation-d-alcool-et-de-cannabis-des-quebecois\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.aspq.org\/fr\/salle-de-presse\/communiques-et-publications\/185\/un-sondage-confirme-que-la-pandemie-modifie-les-habitudes-de-vie-et-la-consommation-d-alcool-et-de-cannabis-des-quebecois\u00a0;\u00a0http:\/\/www.aspq.org\/fr\/dossiers\/covid-19<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[8]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-04\/CCSA-COVID-19-Alcohol-Cannabis-Use-Infographic-2020-en_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-04\/CCSA-COVID-19-Alcohol-Cannabis-Use-Infographic-2020-en_0.pdf\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[9]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inspq.qc.ca\/pdf\/publications\/1102_UsageSubsPsychoativesJeunes.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec. (2010).\u00a0L\u2019usage de substances psychoactives chez les jeunes Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, Cons\u00e9quences et facteurs associ\u00e9s.\u00a0\u00a015.\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"notes-bpage\">[10]<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/substance-use\/about-problematic-substance-use.html - s1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00a0https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/substance-use\/about-problematic-substance-use.html &#8211; s1<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Published May 11, 2020 This article is part of our \u201cDeterminants and the pandemic\u201d series, which examines certain determinants of school perseverance in light of the current crisis and its attendant measures. Determinant\u00a0|\u00a0Impacts of the health crisis and concerns\u00a0|\u00a0Resources\u00a0|\u00a0References WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE USE OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUGS? According to certain studies, &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tobacco, alcohol and drugs<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":10068,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"class_list":["post-10342","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tobacco, alcohol and drugs - R\u00e9seau r\u00e9ussite Montr\u00e9al<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tobacco, alcohol and drugs - R\u00e9seau r\u00e9ussite Montr\u00e9al\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Published May 11, 2020 This article is part of our \u201cDeterminants and the pandemic\u201d series, which examines certain determinants of school perseverance in light of the current crisis and its attendant measures. 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According to certain studies, &hellip; Continue reading Tobacco, alcohol and drugs &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"R\u00e9seau r\u00e9ussite Montr\u00e9al\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-07-10T17:40:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/icone-crayon.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.reseaureussitemontreal.ca\/en\/key-topics\/covid-19-and-educational-success\/determinants-in-light-of-the-pandemic\/tobacco-alcohol-and-drugs\/\",\"name\":\"Tobacco, alcohol and drugs - 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